Penghu County, historically known as "Pinghu" or "Penghu," is located in the Taiwan Strait in southern Taiwan. It consists of the Penghu Archipelago and is separated from Yunlin County and Chiayi County on Taiwan's main island by the Penghu Channel. The county seat and largest city is Magong, which is also the largest city among Taiwan’s outlying islands. The county is administratively divided into one city and five townships, totaling six administrative divisions.
Geography and Natural Environment
Due to the abundance of seaside daisies (Coreopsis), Penghu is often referred to as the "Chrysanthemum Island." Its strategic location and excellent harbor conditions have historically made it an important waypoint for migration and a military stronghold in the Taiwan Strait.
The Penghu Archipelago is situated between Taiwan and the Eurasian continent in the Taiwan Strait. The terrain is relatively flat, consisting mainly of low hills. The highest point in the county is on Damaoyu in Wang’an Township, with an elevation of only 70 meters, while the highest point on Penghu’s main island, Gongbei Mountain, reaches just 56 meters. Notable geological landscapes include Snakehead Mountain in Magong, Niuxin Mountain in Xiyu Township, Xikan Mountain in Baisha Township, Tiantai Mountain in Wang’an Township, and Dingxi in Qimei Township.
Due to the absence of high mountains to trap moisture, Penghu receives significantly less rainfall than Taiwan’s main island. This has greatly affected agricultural development, making the local economy primarily reliant on fishing and tourism.
Economy and Industry
Historically, Penghu’s economy was centered on fishing. However, as marine resources have gradually depleted (despite having 69 fishing ports, the county’s maritime resources are limited), the local economy has transitioned toward a tourism-based industry in recent years. With its unique marine ecosystem, basalt landscapes, and traditional settlements, Penghu has become one of Taiwan’s most renowned island tourist destinations, attracting numerous visitors each year.
Penghu County boasts a distinctive maritime geographical environment, a rich historical and cultural heritage, and breathtaking natural scenery. From the Blue Cave and Twin-Heart Stone Weir to basalt columns, white sandy beaches, the ancient city of Magong, and Tianhou Temple, Penghu showcases the unique charm of Taiwan’s outlying islands. As tourism continues to thrive, Penghu remains not only an important marine travel destination but also a place where island culture and traditions are well preserved.
