Tokushima Prefecture, located in the eastern part of Shikoku, has its capital in Tokushima City. In ancient times, the northern area was called Awano-kuni (“Land of Millet”) for its millet production, while the southern area was known as Nagano-kuni. These were later merged into the Awa Province of the Ritsuryō system. Tokushima has long been a key transportation hub: Tomioka Port once served as an important gateway to the Nankaidō, promoting human and material exchange. Today, the Ōnaruto Bridge links Tokushima with Kōbe and Awaji, while ferries connect it to Wakayama, ensuring close economic and cultural ties with the Kansai region. Even the local dialect shows strong Kansai influences.
Rich in natural resources, Tokushima features the mighty Yoshino River and Naka River, rugged Shikoku Mountains and Sanuki Mountains, and coastline along the Kii Channel, creating diverse landscapes. The Yoshino River, crossing the northern part of the prefecture, not only nourishes the fertile Tokushima Plain but is also regarded as the “Mother River.” However, its abundant water supply has historically posed challenges, with flood control and river management long being pressing issues. In contrast to neighboring Kagawa’s frequent droughts, Tokushima has often faced floods.
The climate is generally mild and maritime. Summers and autumns bring heavy rainfall, while snowfall in winter is rare. The northern plains experience a Seto Inland Sea–type climate with long sunshine hours and pleasant conditions. The southern coastal region faces the Pacific Ocean, with heavier rainfall and frequent typhoons, earning the nickname “Typhoon Ginza.” In the western mountain valleys, such as Iya, the inland climate results in sharp day-night temperature differences, with snow and ice common in winter.
Tokushima’s attractions are diverse. The most famous is the Naruto Whirlpools, a world-class natural phenomenon caused by tidal currents in the Naruto Strait, best viewed during spring and autumn’s spring tides. The Iya Valley and Ōboke-Koboke Gorges in the west are celebrated for their dramatic river gorges, clear waters, and striking rock formations. The Iya region also preserves vine suspension bridges and thatched hamlets, often called a “hidden Japan.” Historical and cultural sites include Wakimachi’s Udatsu-lined merchant houses, showcasing Edo-period architecture, and the ruins of Tokushima Castle with its preserved gardens.
Culturally, Tokushima is most renowned for the Awa Odori Dance, with over 400 years of history. Held every August in Tokushima City, it is one of Japan’s largest dance festivals. Dancers in traditional yukata perform lively routines accompanied by shamisen, flutes, and drums, creating a vibrant, joyous atmosphere that draws huge crowds from across Japan and abroad.
Local cuisine also reflects Tokushima’s distinct character. The Naruto Kintoki sweet potato is prized for its fluffy sweetness, often used in desserts and dishes. The sudachi citrus adds refreshing flavor to grilled fish and meats. Tokushima Ramen, with its rich pork-bone soy sauce broth topped with raw egg yolk and pork slices, is considered one of Shikoku’s representative ramen styles. High-quality livestock products such as Awa beef, Awa-odori chicken, and Awa pork, paired with local produce, create a diverse and delicious food culture.
